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In 1943, the Nazis began drafting women because of the shortage of guards. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. The Executions of Nazi Stutthof camp SS female guards and kapos by former camp prisoners ThePastQuest 96K views 7 months ago Execution of Maria Masha Bruskina by nazi publicly hanging at. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. [citation needed], Conditions in the camp were extremely harsh;[16] tens of thousands of prisoners succumbed to starvation and disease. More than 85,000 victims died in the camp out of as many as 110,000 inmates deported there. In July, Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at Stutthof was convicted of aiding in the murder of 5,230 people, most of them Jews. "I was first in Stutthof in August '43 for close to a month and then two other [camps] before I returned at the end of 1944 for a second time," he told the BBC. [2], The first Polish war crimes tribunal was convened at Gdask, Poland, from April 25, 1946 to May 31, 1946. 1939: 250 Polish citizens and P.O.W. It was turned into a concentration camp by its second commandant, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Josef Kramer, and was used to house those prisoners who had become too weak to work as forced labour in German factories. One prominent inmate and survivor of the Stutthof concentration camp was member of parliament for the Communist Party of Denmark Martin Nielsen, who detailed his deportation to, experience in and ensuing death march from the camp in his book Rapport fra Stutthof ('Report from Stutthof'). But the former nurse became known as the Sadist of Stutthof due to the vicious beatings she meted out to inmates at the camp, in Nazi-occupied Poland. The third trial was held from 5 November to 10 November 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. per adult (price varies by group size) Private transportation to the Stutthof Concentration Camp 4 hour. The number of inmates increased considerably in 1944, with Jews forming a significant proportion of the newcomers. At the time of her hanging, Barkmann was 25 years old. [7], Soviet forces liberated Stutthof on 9 May 1945, rescuing about 100 prisoners who had managed to hide.[7]. As the wife of Commandant SS Col Karl Koch, Isle Kochs extreme sadism meant she was as feared as any of the Nazi leaders. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malm, Sweden, and released into the care of that neutral country. (06.11.2018), The man is accused of being complicit in the deaths of 5,230 inmates during a period of almost a year working as a guard at the Stutthof concentration camp. It has been estimated that around half of the evacuated prisoners, over 25,000, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system in northern Poland began in January 1945. Ilse also had a deadly fascination for tattoos and, at a later trial for war crimes, witnesses said she selected men with the best body art for slaughter - turning their skin into lampshades and book covers. Stutthof. He was also tried in juvenile court despite his age, because his crimes were committed when he was a minor. In June 2022, a 101-year-old former guard at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (north of Berlin) was sentenced to five years in prison. The second commandant SS-Sturmbannfhrer Paul-Werner Hoppe (August 1942 - January 1945) was apprehended in 1953 in West Germany and later sentenced to nine years imprisonment. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. On a huge hill in Gdansk, the condemned guards including Jenny-Wanda Barkmann were executed on a huge gallows and it was said that around 200,000 people witnessed the executions of the former concentration camp guards.Join us today as we look at, 'The JUSTIFIED Executions Of The Guards Of Stutthof Concentration Camp.' Read more:Poland moves to make it illegal to say 'Polish death camps'. Bruno Dey was convicted of complicity in mass murder there last year and given a suspended sentence, She called. Some went on to be involved in administering lethal sterilisation experiments, others helped select victims of the gas chambers, set dogs on young girls and murdered inmates before incinerating their bodies. [9] The Wuppertal accused denied the allegations and declared that he was not present during the killings, and did not notice anything about it. [35][36], Another Nazi camp guard, Bruno Dey, from Hamburg was charged in October 2019 of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. BERLIN (AP) A 92-year-old former SS private will go on trial this fall in Germany on 5,230 counts of being an accessory to murder, accused of helping the Nazis' Stutthof concentration camp Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born on May 30, 1922, in Hamburg. In the last year of the Second World War, Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was a young SS-guard in the German concentration camp Stutthof. [23] The corpses used for this were not made from "harvested" bodies, and the byproduct of Spanner's work at the Danzig institute was collected. Stutthof concentration camp Stutthof was a Nazi concentration camp established by Nazi Germany in a secluded, marshy, and wooded area near the small town of Stutthof (now Sztutowo) 34 km (21 mi) east of the city of Danzig in the territory of the Free City of Danzig. Dave with an atitude like that you should be #12. In November 1941, it became a "labor education" camp (like Dachau), administered by the German Security Police. Holocaust survivor Abraham Koryski gave evidence in court on Monday, detailing the horrors he and other inmates endured at the Stutthoff concentration camp in the final years of World War II. Nazi concentration camp in present-day Sztutowo, Poland, "Stutthof" redirects here. In 1962, the former concentration camp with its remaining structures, was turned into a memorial museum. Read more:Nazi guard testifies about Stutthof concentration camp, To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video. Marching in severe winter conditions and treated brutally by SS guards, thousands died during the march. Millions of people suffered and died or were killed. In total, the sub-camps held 110,000 prisoners from 25 countries according to the Jewish Virtual Library. Further in the background is the guard SS-Oberscharfhrer Johann Pauls and several Polish kapos. [1] 4,000 prisoners, including Jewish women and children, were killed in a gas chamber before the evacuation of the camp. It was also the last camp liberated by the Allies, on 9 May 1945. Among these sites was the Stutthof camp. They were cut off by advancing Soviet forces. The first contingent of 2,500 Jewish prisoners arrived from Auschwitz in July 1944. After beginning her career at the all-female camp, Lichtenberg, the dedicated Nazi used brutality and cruelty to work to her way up to the highest female rank possible, Oberaufseherin, or chief guard. Campo de Concentracion Stutthof, Polonia (Concentration Camp Stutthof, Poland). The womans face became swollen and blue.. Inside of the barbed wire fences, horror and brutality was administered by the SS. The major subcamps were Thorn and Elbing. An Israeli witness who survived the Nazi death camp at Stutthof has described how SS guards staged sadistic "shows" to torture prisoners. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a network of forced-labor camps. Established on September 2, 1939, Stutthof was the first concentration camp outside German borders during World War II. The first trial was held from 25 April to 31 May 1946, against 30 ex-officials and prisoner-guards of the camp. Little is known about her life, but it is a known fact that in 1944 she became- Aufseherin, a female-guard, in the women's section of Stutthof concentration camp. The rest were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. [12] On February 25, 2019, it was announced that the trial is unlikely to be restarted due to the poor health conditions of the defendant. had worked as a secretary at the Stutthof concentration camp was charged with . Nicknamed 'Beautiful Spectre', she was infamous for her brutal treatment of the prisoners. Soviet forces liberated Stutthof on May 9, 1945, and liberated about 100 prisoners who had managed to hide during the final evacuation of the camp. Situated near Sztutowo, a small town about. When is Eurovision and how do you get tickets? Though there is no evidence linking him to a specific killing, prosecutors argue that as a guard he helped the camp function and "supported the insidious and cruel killing of mainly Jewish prisoners.". [12], The first 150 inmates, imprisoned on 2 September 1939, were selected among Poles and Jews arrested in Danzig immediately after the outbreak of war. The only survivor who gave evidence in person to the Furchner trial, Josef Salomonovic, described it as the worst of eight concentration camps he was forced to endure. The camp in Nazi-occupied Poland was opened on September 2, 1939, one day after the German . [citation needed], The camp staff consisted of German SS guards and, after 1943, the Ukrainian auxiliaries brought in by SS-Gruppenfhrer Fritz Katzmann, the Higher SS and Police Leader of the area. Images in the news broadcasts concealed his face for legal reasons. However, he was tried in a juvenile court due to being about 17 at that time. Basic Information", "Review of Profesor Rudolf Spanner 1895-1960. Frankly, a nice sight. Bruno Dey, a teenager at the time in question, was convicted of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. Here we look at the horrendous role these guards - known as Aufseherins, or female overseers - played during the War. Babysitter 'with black heart' filmed herself sexually abusing toddler before sending video to her paedophile lover, Piers Morgan slams 'disgusting' 500 parking charges for NHS staff as Grant Shapps admits 'something's gone wrong'. A two-year suspended sentence in line with that requested by prosecutors was handed down by the Itzehoe state court in northern Germany. 1570: Aonio Paleario, Italian religious reformer 1947: Ding Mocun, not as hot a lay in real life. [citation needed] Until 1942, nearly all of the prisoners were Polish. Sign up here. Former Stutthof prisoners volunteered to serve as executioners for the public hanging on July 4, 1946. In total, as many as 110,000 people were deported to the camp in the course of its existence. The prosecution accuses her of participating in the murder of inmates in the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland, where she worked as a typist and secretary to the camp commander . [2][5], The fourth trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from November 19, 1947, to November 29, 1947. One such guard was Jenny Barkmann, who earned the moniker Beautiful Spectre.. Theres more about Stutthofs history at the Holocaust Research Project, and at the current memorial facilitys home page. Even then, she continued kicking me, then walked away and left me there.. A report by the Seventh Army, written by Lieutenant Colonel Walter J. Fellenz, mentions a total of 17 guards killed. They were publicly hanged before a large crowd, estimated at several thousand, at 5.00 p.m. on July 4th, 1946 at Biskupia Gorka hill near Danzig. [7], In 1942 the first German female SS Aufseherinnen guards arrived at Stutthof along with female prisoners. The camp was set up around existing structures after the invasion of Poland in World War II and initially used for the imprisonment of Polish leaders and intelligentsia. [33] Being tried at the age of 94, court proceedings were limited to no more than two hours per day and two non-consecutive days per week. In November 1941, it became a "labor education" camp, administered by the German Security Police. The fourth and final trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from 19 November to 29 November 1947. 2023 BBC. swisslotto. Read about our approach to external linking. From Gdask bus station, board the number 870 bus marked either 'Sztutowo' or 'Krynica Morska' from Platform 2 (Note that the service varies on . This blog has been around for a while. Photo by Polish authorities (4 July 1946). She earned a horrific legacy and nickname despite only working for a year. Arraigned 20 ex-officials and guards were judged; 19 were found guilty, and one was acquitted. Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was. The perpetrators used these locations for a range of purposes, including forced labor, detention of people deemed to be "enemies of the state," and mass murder. Camp doctors also killed sick or injured prisoners in the infirmary with lethal injections. Contents Tour to stutthof concentration camp Camp Staff Prisoners Conditions This week, a 95-year-old woman was arrested in Germany and charged with complicity in the murders of 10,000 people - the first such case in recent years. In another cruel punishment - known as making sport - she ordered prisoners to strip before making them perform strenuous exercise in full view of other prisoners, before being beaten. In September 1939, the Germans established the Stutthof camp in a wooded area west of Stutthof (Sztutowo), a town about 22 miles east of Danzig (Gdansk). RIDING through the grounds of Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany, Ilse Koch spotted a tattooed prisoner and pointed him out to a nearby guard - sealing his gruesome fate. The Stutthof concentration camp in Poland. Your email address will not be published. Karl Koch was hanged in 1944, for embezzling millions from wealthy Germans and, in 1950, Ilse was jailed for life in Germany, for war crimes. (In Czech) In September 1939, the Nazis created the concentration camp of Stutthof (Sztutowo) in a wooded area near the Baltic port of Gdansk. Set up immediately upon Germanys September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland and not liberated until after official German capitulation in 1945, Stutthoff handled over 100,000 prisoners during its long service. Tragiczny los ydowskich winiarek z Baukomando Weichsel, "Ermittlungen gegen frheren KZ-Wachmann aus Wuppertal", "Holocaust trial: Germany tries former SS guard at Stutthof camp", "German court suspends trial of ex-SS death camp guard", "Prozess gegen frheren SS-Wachmann steht vor dem Aus", "Holocaust trial: Former Stutthof guard on trial in Germany", "Former Concentration Camp Guard Convicted in Germany", "Nazi Stutthof camp secretary flees as German trial starts", "Former Nazi camp secretary goes on trial over murders of 11,000 people", "Itzehoe: Ehemalige KZ-Sekretrin vor Prozessbeginn geflohen", "Imrgard Furchner: Nazi typist guilty of complicity in 10,505 murders", "97-year-old former Nazi secretary sentenced for involvement in more than 10,000 murders", Monografia KL Stutthof (KL Stutthof monograph), Execution of concentration camp guards at Biskupia Gorka, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stutthof_trials&oldid=1135657965, This page was last edited on 26 January 2023, at 01:03. [38], In July 2021, a 96-year-old German secretary, Irmgard Furchner, who had been part of KZ Stutthof was arrested to be tried for war crimes. Why Are There Superstitions Around Black Cats? per group (up to 3) Private Shore Excursion: Tour of Gdansk and visit Stutthof Concentration Camp. The next three trials took place at the same court in October 831, 1947, November 510, and in November 1929 of that year. The execution of guards of the Stutthof concentration camp on July 4th 1946. [14], Stutthof's registered inmates included citizens of 28 countries, and besides Jews and Poles Germans, Czechs, Dutch, Belgians, French, Norwegians, Finns, Danes, Lithuanians, Latvians, Belarusians, Russians, Croats and others. [10], Among the notable female guard personnel were: Elisabeth Becker, Erna Beilhardt, Ella Bergmann, Ella Blank, Gerda Bork, Herta Bothe, Erna Boettcher, Hermine Boettcher-Brueckner, Steffi Brillowski, Charlotte Graf, Charlotte Gregor, Charlotte Klein, Gerda Steinhoff, Ewa Paradies, and Jenny-Wanda Barkmann. Headsman, you ought to investigate this nutter above who is issuing death threats on your site. [7][8] Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. In 1949, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Hans Jacobi, the commandant of Stutthof subcamps forming Baukommando Weichsel or OT Thorn (Organisation Todt Thorn) for women digging anti-tank ditches,[6] was tried before the criminal court in Toru and sentenced to three years in prison. Support the channel by subscribing, liking, and sharing. [3] The inmate population rose to 6,000 in the following two weeks, on 15 September 1939. I PROMISE. It is also the last camp liberated by the Allies (May 10th 1945). Former SS guard stands trial on murder accessory charges, Germany: 92-year-old former SS guard to face trial, Former Nazi concentration camp guard on trial in Hamburg, UN states finally strike deal to protect high seas. Thousands were taken to the Baltic Sea where they were executed, and many more were killed by the brutal SS guards and officers. Its unknown why she would voluntarily seek work at a concentration camp so late in the war, but it was likely due to some misplaced sense of nationalism. Stutthof was the first Nazi concentration camp to be established on Polish soil, and the last to be dissolved, it grew from 4 to 120 hectares, from 250 prisoners to a maximum of 52,000 prisoners at one time, the SS staff and guards numbered 1,056 on 1 January 1945. Standing at 6ft 3in, Hertha Botte was an imposing figure, who also stood out from other SS guards because she wore civilian clothing instead of the hated uniform. Luxury Car Tours. A crematorium and gas chamber[9] were added in 1943, just in time to start mass executions when Stutthof was included in the "Final Solution" in June 1944. 2023.02.28. I wish many more Nazis suffered the same fate. Among 110,000 prisoners were Jews from all of Europe, members of the Polish underground, Polish civilians deported from Warsaw during the Warsaw Uprising, Lithuanian and Latvian intelligentsia, Latvian resistance fighters, psychiatric patients, Soviet prisoners of war,[3] and communists (as an example of communist deportations to Stutthof, see the Danish Horserd camp). Who is Rod Ponton and why has he gone viral? It is an obscenity and should be punished, if there are still any of these scum around today, they should be brought to justice. The 99-year-old was under investigation over suspected complicity in the murders that took place at the Ravensbrck Nazi concentration camp, where tens of thousands of women were killed. In 1945, she was captured by the American forces after attempting to flee to Bavaria. It comprised eight barracks for the inmates and a "Kommandantur" for the SS guards, totaling 120,000 square metres (1,300,000sqft). Conditions in the camp were brutal. It was also surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fence and contained thirty new barracks, raising the total area to 1.2 square kilometres (0.46sqmi). She is accused of having assisted those responsible at the camp in the systematic killing of Jewish prisoners, Polish partisans and Soviet Russian prisoners of war between June 1943 and April 1945. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. 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